DPI Weekly Deep Dive — UPI Sustainability at Crossroads | Week of March 9-15, 2026
DPI Weekly Deep Dive — UPI Sustainability at Crossroads | Week of March 9-15, 2026 Executive Summary India’s Unified Payments Interface (UPI), the world’s largest real-time payment platform processing over 21.7 billion transactions monthly worth ₹28.33 lakh crore, faces an unprecedented sustainability challenge. This week, a Parliamentary Standing Committee on Finance recommended exploring a tiered charging structure that would introduce interchange fees for larger merchants while preserving free transactions for small vendors and peer-to-peer payments. Simultaneously, NPCI announced revised TPAP and PSP fee structures for RuPay credit card transactions on UPI, effective April 1, 2026. These developments mark a critical inflection point in India’s digital public infrastructure journey, forcing policymakers to balance financial inclusion objectives with ecosystem viability. The proposed changes draw comparisons to Brazil’s Pix and China’s digital payment systems, where hybrid revenue models have sustained massive transaction volumes without compromising adoption. ...